As we get older, our ability to perform daily tasks can decline, making it difficult to maintain independence and quality of life. Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) refer to the basic tasks that individuals perform on a daily basis to manage their lives independently. In this blog post, we will discuss the six categories of ADLs and how to evaluate someone’s level of independence in performing these activities.
What are ADLs?
ADLs are a measure of an individual’s functional status and functional age, referring to the tasks they perform on a daily basis to independently manage their lives. The six categories of ADLs are:
Ambulating: The ability to move the body and walk independently
Feeding: The ability to feed oneself independently
Dressing: The ability to select appropriate clothing for the weather and climate and apply it correctly
Personal hygiene: Includes bathing, grooming, and dental hygiene
Continence: The ability to control bladder and bowel function
Toileting: The ability to navigate to the toilet, use it correctly, and clean oneself effectively
How to Evaluate Independence in Performing ADLs?
There are several functional tests used to assess an individual’s ability to perform ADLs independently. The most common test is the Katz Index of Independence, founded by Dr. Sydney Katz in 1950, who coined the phrase ADLs. In these tests, a person is observed performing activities and scored on their ability to perform those activities independently. The scores are then summed together, and a composite score is given. The higher the score, the more independent the individual is, and the lower the score, the less independent the individual is.
When to Seek Assistance?
As individuals lose their ability to perform ADLs independently, it becomes necessary to seek assistance to live safely and fully. Caregivers or assisted living options are a popular choice when a person needs assistance with two or more ADLs. Seeking assistance can help avoid major accidents, such as falls, which can become worse as one ages.
Final Thoughts
Understanding ADLs and evaluating independence in performing these activities is critical to maintaining quality of life and safety as one ages. By knowing the six categories of ADLs and functional tests, individuals can better assess their ability to perform these tasks independently and seek assistance when necessary. Valley Senior Advisors is committed to helping individuals find the best senior care options in the Phoenix area. Contact us today for a free evaluation of ADLs.
Check out our Youtube video about ADLs